Levels and diverse composition profiles of chlorinated paraffins in indoor dust:possible sources and potential human health related concerns

摘要

Chlorinated paraffins(CPs),a group of mixtures with different carbon chain lengths and chlorine contents,are widely used as plasticizers and flame retardants in various indoor materials.CPs could be released from CP-containing materi-als into the ambient environment and then enter the human body via inhalation,dust ingestion and dermal absorption,resulting in potential effects on human health.In this study,we collected residential indoor dust in Wuhan,the largest city in central China,and focused on the co-occurrence and composition pro-files of CPs as well as the resultant human risk via dust ingestion and dermal absorption.The results indicated that CPs with C9-40were ubiquity in indoor dust with medium-chain CPs(MCCPs,C_(14-17))as the main components(6.70-495 μg g~(-1)),followed by short-chain CPs(SCCPs,C10~(-13))(4.23-304 μg g~(-1))and long-chain(LCCPs,C≥18)CPs(3.68-331 μg g~(-1)).Low levels(not detected-0.469 μg g~(-1))of very short-chain CPs(vSCCPs,C9)were also found in partial indoor dust.The dominant homolog groups were C9 and Cl_(6-7) groups for vSCCPs,C_(13) and Cl_(6-8) groups for SCCPs,C_(14) and Cl_(6-8) groups for MCCPs,and C_(18) and Cl_(8-9) groups for LCCPs.Based on the meas-ured concentrations,vSCCPs,SCCPs,MCCPs,and LCCPs posed limited human health risks to local resi-dents via dust ingestion and dermal absorption.