Implant site development using ridge splitting techniques

摘要

There are several techniques available to enhance bone volume for implant placement. These procedures include bone grafting, guided bone regeneration, and distraction osteogenesis. Expansion of the existing residual ridge is another method to prepare the atrophic maxilla and mandible for implant insertion and augmentation. This approach has been referred to as ridge splitting, bone spreading, ridge expansion, or the osteotome technique. The choice of treatment depends on numerous variables including clinician training and preference, anatomic region, degree of atrophy, arch relationships, prosthetic goals, esthetic demands, economics, and healing time requirements (Table 1). This article reviews indications, limitations, patient evaluation, surgical approaches, and complications associated with ridge splitting techniques.