A high incidence of second primary tumors in patients with carcinoma of the oral cavity has been reported, and their frequency is increasing. The aim of current study was to review the patients with second primary cancer and evaluate the screening modalities for detecting second malignancies. In a retrospective study of 416 patients with oral cancer, 61(14.7 ) had second primary tumors. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed second primary tumors in 22 (5.3) of 416 patients with carcinoma of the oral cavity. The incidence of rectal cancer in a preoperative patient was found by FDG-PET. Postoperative FDG-PET detected second primary tumors including bile duct (n=2), rectal (n=2), and breast cancer (n=l). This study showed the value of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and FDG-PET as screening methods for detecting second malignancies.
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