Exploration and Characterization of Wild Cymbopogon martinii (Roxb) Wats. Var. Sofia

摘要

Cymbopogon martinii is commercially cultivated for its essential oil having importance in medicinal and aromatic industries. Oil exhibit antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, antihelmintic, antioxidant and chemo preventive drugs. Cymbopogon martinii growing wildly was explored from Devarayana Durga hills, Tumkur, Karnataka, India. Plant was characterized based on morphological, cytogenetics and anatomical features by (SEM and Microscopic studies). Flow cytometry analysis, DNA barcoding and essentialoil studies were carried out to confirm the ploidy and species specificity. Plant was authenticated as Cymbopogon martinii (Roxb.) Wats, variety Sofia from Regional Ayurveda Research Institute for Metabolic Disorders (RARIMD), Ministry of AYUSH, under acc. no. RRCBI-1052. The herbarium (AC-25/2021) and seeds were deposited at ICAR - National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (NBPGR), Pusa, New Delhi. Wild plant showed differences in morphology with cultivar varieties generated by CS1R - CIMAP showing the adaptation towards environmental factors. Flow cytometry analysis confirmed species to be tetraploid using hexaploidy control (C. citratus). DNA barcoding sequence of rbcL, matK and ITS 2 spacer regions exhibited close similarities towards C. martiniiupon NCBl BLAST search and the sequence was deposited in Gen Bank under Acc. no. MT905074. The major constituents of essential oil were found to be Alpha-bisabolol oxide (34.981), Geranyl geraniol (25.22), D-limonene (10.092), Camphene (7.255), Bomeol (4.463), alpha Pinene (2.04), Linalool (1.573), Geraniol (1.364) and alpha Bisabolol (1.232) upon GC-MS along with other compounds confirming to Sofia variety. Hence, conservation of explored wild C. martini would help in developing new breederlines possessing potential bioactive compounds with economic value for future.