Biochemical changes in groundnut genotypes against early leaf spot caused by Cercopsora arachidicola

摘要

Groundnut is one of the major oil seed crops grown in India and it is grown in an area of 4.73 million ha with production of 6.73 million tonnes. In Andhra Pradesh, it is cultivated in an area of about 6.61 lakh ha with a production of 8.5 lakh tonnes. Around 80 area is located in Rayalaseema districts viz., Ananthapuramu, Kadapa, Chittoor and Kumool (Anonymous, 2021). Groundnut production is often challenged by Among leaf spot diseases of groundnut, early leaf spot (ELS) caused by Cercospora arachidicola Hori, late leaf spot (LLS) caused by Phaeoisariopsis personata (Berk. Curt.) V. Arx. = Cercosporidium personatum (Berk. M.A. Curtis) Deighton and rust caused by Puccinia arachidis Speg account for 50 yield reduction depending on their intensity and stage of infection. Early leaf spot assuming serious concern in south and central India and yield losses ranged from 15 to 50 depending upon intensity and stage of infection. In ELS, lesions are subcircular in shape and measured about 1 to 10 mm. They appear on upper surface with yellow halo. Identification of resistant genotypes against ELS is more useful to avoid environmental pollution by preventing chemical sprays. Differentiation of genotypes by assessing their bio molecules during infection will help to assess their resistance and susceptible reaction. Hence, present study was focused on estimation of total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a and b, total sugars, proteins, phenols and tannins.