An improved watermarking algorithm for robustness and imperceptibility of data protection in the perception layer of internet of things

摘要

Emergence of Internet of Things (IoT) and modern digital applications such as digital financial services and deliveries make it easy to reproduce and re-distribute digital contents thus give room to so many copyright violations of illegal use of contents that need to be resolved. Researcher have been presenting the watermarking algorithms to prevent these illicit activities to a document before distribution. However, several issues have been identified for the digital transactions in the IoT. Thus, this research proposes a new text document image watermarking algorithm which emphasizes on two most important measures, visual quality, and robustness. To boost these measures, third least significant bit has been used for insertion. In addition, to further strengthen the technique, the Pascal Triangle is applied to determine the best position for embedding. Experimental results on the standard dataset have revealed that the proposed watermarking has achieved very encouraging results with PSNR and NCC averaged 54.95db and 0.98, respectively. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.