Production and characterization of somatic hybrids between rice (Oryza sativa L.) and reed (Phragmites communis Trin.) obtained by protoplast fusion

摘要

Protoplasts were isolated from cell suspension cultures of rice (Oryza sativa L.) and reed (Phragmites communis Trin.), fused by a PEG-high pH-high Ca2+ method and cultured on Ry-2 medium to obtain minicalli. Hybrids were selected using lack of dividing ability of reed protoplast and plant regeneration ability of rice protoplast. Regenerated plantlets showed intermediate traits of both or either of parents and the leaves showed variant traits in the shape. Especially, mature plants showed intermediate traits of parents or variant traits in reproductive organs. Selected hybrid plants did not have fertility because pollen and egg cells developed abnormally. Chromosome counting of hybrid plants revealed their cells were tetraploid (2n = 4x = 72) and aneuploidy. The numbers of the chromosome were different not only between the hybrid plants but also within the individual one. However, the peroxidase, the random amplified polymorphic DNA and the simple sequence repeat analysis indicated that regenerated plants were somatic hybrids. The somatic hybrids obtained in this study suggested the useful information for the production of intergeneric hybrids of rice and other plants, and for the characterization of the traits in hybrids.