The change of urban cultural space layout is a multi-variable, multi-objective, and restricted research process. The optimization of urban cultural space construction and layout is a multi-objective decision-making problem that needs to be solved urgently. Based on the forward three-layer neural network theory, this paper constructs an optimization model for the construction and layout of urban cultural space evaluation of the layout of cultural space. This paper first analyzes the feasibility of combining the forward three-layer neural network model with the optimization and adjustment of cultural space layout structure. Taking the three-layer feedforward network as an example, the structure optimization model based on the forward three-layer neural network is selected, and the established model is used to reflect the internal environment of the objective world. Structure and perform dynamic simulation. In the process of simulation modeling, from the aspects of system description, model structure, logical analysis, reasoning, and interpretation, two effective computer dynamic simulation methods, namely, forward three-layer neural network model and system dynamics SD model, were carried out for theoretical comparison and identification. The experimental results show that the feasibility and calculation error of the application of the optimization model are relatively good, reaching 0.897 and 6.21%, respectively. The number of newly added cultural spaces and the expansion speed show an increasing trend, expanding at an average annual speed of about 35 km2, effectively increasing the quality of regional planning and construction layout.
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