Cultural and chemical control of blight of urd bean.

摘要

The effects of sowing date (1, 15 or 30 July) and row spacing (10, 20, 30, 40 or 50 cm) on the incidence of blight (Colletotrichum truncatum) in urd bean (Vigna mungo) were studied in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, during the kharif season of 2005. The disease incidence was markedly reduced and the yield of the crop was significantly increased when sowing was delayed until the end of July. Wider interrow spacing (50 cm) was less favourable for the development of urd bean blight compared to narrow interrow spacing (10 cm). Weed-free plots showed a lower disease incidence than weed-infested plots. The in vitro evaluation of fungicides against C. truncatum revealed that Bavistin [carbendazim], Benlate [benomyl], Cantaf, Calixin [tridemorph], Ceresan wet [2-methoxyethylmercury chloride], Kitazin [iprobenfos], Kavach [chlorothalonil], Topsin-M [thiophanate-methyl], Tilt [propiconazole] and Vitavax [carboxin] inhibited mycelial growth. Seed treatment with Benlate and Bavistin inhibited 80% seedborne infection. Bavistin (0.1%) reduced the disease incidence by 81.2 and 79.7%, and increased the yield of urd bean by 76.9 and 72.9%, respectively, over the control.