A new lignan, named 1,6-bis-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)hexane-1,6-dione (1), together with seven known compounds (2–8) were isolated from the EtOAc-soluble extract of Acanthopanax senticosus. Their structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analyses. All isolates were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxic activity against human cancer cells of HepG2, A549, HeLa, and MCF-7. Among them, compound 8 showed significant cytotoxic activity on HepG2 and MCF-7 cells with IC50 values of 10.9 ± 1.7 and 9.2 ± 1.5 μM, respectively.
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