Recognizing the salivary panomics for the clinical application in oral potentially malignant disorders

摘要

Oral cancer arises as a result of multistep carcinogenic progress from precursor lesion to oral squamouscell carcinoma through collective mutational process occur in the stem cells of mucosal epithelium. Thedetection of such oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs)/cancer in subclinical level will greatlyimprove the prognosis of a patient. The highly specific and sensitive salivary biomarkers have functionedin detection, prediction, surveillance and therapeutic monitoring of the diseases of interest. The aimof the review is to appraise various salivary biomarkers for the clinical utility in OPMDs. An electronicweb-supported search was performed via PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar search enginesince the year 2015–2019. A total of 28 research articles were selected for the review after screening andassessment. The various genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic and miscellaneous markerswere analyzed and their characteristics and clinical application in OPMD patients were discussed. miR-21,miR-31, miR-84, H3F3A mRNA + IL-8P, matrix metalloproteinase-9, chemerin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha,cytokeratin-10, ornithine + O-hydroxybenzoate + R5F, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, malondialdehyde,Vitamin E and Vitamin C are identified as potential markers for OPMD patients. Scientifically validated,reliable and economical clinical biomarkers in OPMDs would serve as evidence-based treatment from patientpoint of view. Further longitudinal studies are needed to verify the accuracy and validate the applicabilityof these diagnostic/prognostic markers. Saliva has been reported as a valuable noninvasive valuable toolin biomarker identification. Recent advancements in salivary biomarker identification techniques lead tovarious potential biomarkers with precise outcome. The utilization of these biomarkers for the clinicalapplication in OPMDs depends on the feasibility and personal choice of the clinician.