The tadpole of Hylodes perere Silva Benmaman 2008 (Anura: Hylodidae)

摘要

The Neotropical frog family Hylodidae comprises 46 species endemic to the Atlantic Forest whose local distribution is predominantly associated with undisturbed montane and submontane habitats in Brazil and Argentina (Frost 2021). Hylodes Fitzinger, the most diverse hylodid genus, contains 26 species informally known as "torrent-frogs" due to obligatory association with fast-flowing streams and creeks in which the adults breed and the tadpoles develop (e.g., Malagoli et al. 2017). Despite standing out among anurans by exhibiting diurnal habit and sophisticated visual signaling displays that include foot-flagging and either synchronized or independent movements of vocal sacs (de Sá et al. 2016), the total number of species recognized in Hylodes remains fairly underestimated. Specifically, 65% of the known diversity in the genus (17 spp.) was described in the last fifty years (Frost 2021) and molecular evidence suggests that at least eight cryptic lineages await formal taxonomic treatment (Montesinos 2017).