The paper presents a nanostructural analysis considering the adsorptive capacity of mineral phases in liquid blast-furnace slags. The performed study is based on the structural-chemical processes of iron-carbide melt refining within the framework of quantum materials science considering the electron structure of slag-forming atoms (ions). The structural-chemical state of smelting slags is shown to affect its sulfur adsorption capacity and can be thus applied to determine the optimal composition of refining blast furnace slags, corresponding to the composition of a diopside mineral phase (CaO_2SiO_2MgO) with a basicity of 1.1-1.3 and adsorption capacity of A_s = 7.1. The ladle treatment of cast iron using "diopside" smelting slags instead of powder materials and flux-cored wires represents the subject of developing a resource-saving technology for the production of low-sulfur blast-furnace iron.
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