Modulation Configurations of Phase Locked Loops for High-Speed and High-PrecisionWired andWireless Applications

摘要

This paper summarizes the modulation configurations ofphase locked loops (PLLs) and their integration in semiconductor circuits,e.g., the input modulation for cellular phones, direct-modulation for lowpower wireless sensor networks, feedback-loop modulation for high-speedtransmission, and two-point modulation for short-range radio transceivers.In this survey, basic configuration examples of integrated circuits for wiredand wireless applications which are using the PLL modulation configurationsare explained. It is important to select the method for simply andeffectively determining the characteristics corresponding to the specific application.The paper also surveys technologies for future PLL design fordigitizing of an entire PLL to reduce the phase noise due to a modulationby using a feedback loop with a precise digital phase comparison and anumerically controlled oscillator with high linearity.