The article presents the results of a taxonomic study of the genus Pyrus L. (Rosaceae) section Argyromalon Fed. in Armenia, comprising 12 species. A checklist and a key for identification of the species, data on their altitudinal and geographic distribution, habitats, terms of flowering and fruiting, synonyms, type citations, as well as critical notes on some taxa are given. A rich diversity of endemic species, varieties and interspecific hybrid forms has been recorded. The lectotype of P. theodorovii Mulk. is designated.
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