Rapid Processing of Uniform, Thin, Robust, and Large-Area Garnet Solid Electrolyte by Atmospheric Plasma Spraying

摘要

All-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) are rapidly moving toward commercializationas a promising high-performance energy storage device for portableelectronics and electric vehicles. One of the most challenging problemshindering the industrialization of ASSBs is the lack of technologies forcost-effective and large-scale manufacturing of high-quality solid-stateelectrolytes (SSEs) with about the same thickness as the polymer separatorsin conventional lithium-ion batteries. Herein, atmospheric plasma spraying(APS) is adopted as a practical route to process large-scale, uniform, and thinSSEs to conduct Li-ions and further to manufacture ASSBs. Garnet-typeLi_7La_3Zr_2O_(12) (LLZO) films with thicknesses ranging from 30 to 300 μm aresuccessfully manufactured with direct APS technique followed with a postannealing treatment. The electrolyte reaches a high Li-ion conductivity of3.82 × 10~(?5) S cm~(?1) at room temperature (25 ℃). Additionally, the LLZO filmwith a thickness of 300 μm shows a flexural strength of 157 Mpa. Li/LLZO/Liand Li/LLZO/LiFePO_4 cells are assembled with the films, both showing stablecycling performance. The APS method shows scalability in solid-stateelectrolyte film production, and most importantly, such a process is highlycompatible with the current battery industry.