Resistance of some commonly used rootstocks to Root-knot Nematode: the problem of rootstock selection

摘要

Root-knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne species; RKN) are the most damaging group of nematodes in most Australian viticultural districts, and their common presence in replant soils in particular is one reason for the use of grafted vines (resistant rootstocks). M. javanica is the most commonly occurring species, but other species, particularly M. incognita and M. arenaria are sometimes found, at least in South Australia. American grapevine species have featured in the development of rootstocks, and the early studies into the resistance of rootstocks to Root-knot Nematodes were conducted in the USA. Today, a group of commonly-used rootstocks relies mainly on four species: Vitis berlandieri, V. champinii (V. candicans x V. rupestris), V. riparia and V. rupestris. For example, 12 such rootstocks (Table 1) appear in popular guides, such as those published by the Phylloxera and Grape Industry Board of South Australia (PGIBSA).