INFLUENCE OF Trichoderma SPECIES ON MYCOTOXINS PRODUCTION AND PATHOGENIC CAPABILITY OF Fusarium moniliforme ASSOCIATED WITH LENTIL SEEDS

摘要

Different fungal species were isolated from seeds of lentil (Lens esculenta L.) cv. Giza 9. Aspcrgillus flavus, A. niger, Fusarium moniliforme and Penicillium chrysogenum were the principal fungal species isolated. Trichoderma aureoviride, T. harzianum and T. polysporum examined for their antagonistic activity against the toxigenic fungi. T. aureoviride expressed the highest reducing percentage for F. moniliforme mycotoxins (zearalenone by 60% and diacetoxyscirpenol by 45% reduction) in liquid mediumas compared with other tested Trichoderma. However, Trichoderma species have not any reduction effect on aflatoxin production by A. flavus in liquid medium. T. aureoviride was selected for treatment lentil seeds infected by F. moniliforme. The results show that T. aureoviride at 18% moisture content (MC) reduced zearaienone by 20-30% and this reduction increased to 38% reduction at 25% MC. Germination of lentil seeds was reduced by F. moniliforme at 18% MC and this effect changed by T. aureoviride application from 83% into 97% after 2 weeks and from 33% into 77% after 4 weeks of treatment. Application of the antagonistic fungus T. aureoviride to infested soil with F. moniliforme caused 50% reduction in percentage of lentil root rot disease severity.