A review on sustainable production of self?compacting concrete utilizing industrial by?products as cementitious materials

摘要

The industrial waste products have been annually generated crossing a limit of 1000 million tons leading to numerous hazards to the environment. The generated based products are getting dumped causing soil pollution, and it is harmful. The best solution is to wisely introduce these waste materials for producing sustainable concrete. This review focuses on incorporating the industrial waste products as a sustainable effective substitute to cement in the development of self-compacting concrete in accordance with the prevailing literature works. Generally, self-compacting concrete is produced with higher cement content combined with the water, aggregates, and chemical admixtures. The consumption of higher cement leads to the emission of larger amount of carbon dioxide triggering the hazardous environmental effects. These impacts could be lowered by utilizing the industrial waste products as partial cementitious replacement in concrete. The comprehensive review on the chemical properties, physical properties, and material characterizations was investigated for the industrial waste products to assess the suitability of the cement properties. A detailed review was conducted on the implementation of industrial waste products such as fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, metakaolin, microsilica and nanosilica on the aspects of fresh concrete properties, strength properties, and durability characteristics when used as partial cement replacement materials. This paper abridges the credits and critical challenges of effectively utilizing industrial waste products toward the sustainable development of the eco-friendly self-compacting concrete.