EMERGING VIRAL DISEASES IN LIVESTOCK-WILDLIFE INTERFACES: INSIGHTS AND CURRENT UPDATE

摘要

Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) are highly contagious in nature with the potential to spread rapidly to novel hosts and territories. The recent increase of notable EIDs jeopardize livestock health and food security of many developing countries. With the expansion of EIDs, largely driven by human population growth, exploitation of natural resources, rapid evolution and host adaptability of pathogens, emerging foci of these diseases in the wild population threaten wildlife conservation to a greater extent. Pathogen spillovers and disease emergence in livestock-wildlife interfaces pose a complex challenge for control and management of EIDs and impend to undermine national and international control and eradication programs,which have been implemented at great cost and time. Therefore, diseases at the livestock-wildlife interfaces should be an area of focus to analyse a greater apprehension of the factors contributing to disease emergence and its dynamics. Additionally, the role of wildlife species in the epidemiology of EIDs is a significant perspective, which needs to be critically elucidated. This paper identifies some of the major EIDs of viral origin at the livestock-wildlife interfaces and the role of wildlife in the emergence of these diseases.