Asynchronized population of microbes can conduct an array of energetically expensive physiological processes such as horizontal gene transfer, sporulation, symbiosis, competence, virulence and biofilm formation. These social and coordinated interactions occur in response to regulation of gene expression, modulated through the ability of bacteria to communicate from cell to cell in an orderly fashion known as quorum sensing (Novick and Geisinger 2008, Bassler 2009, Rutherford and Bassler 2012).
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