GIS ASSESSMENT FOR GROUNDWATER QUALITY OF DISTRICT MULTAN, PAKISTAN

摘要

Groundwater is a major source of freshwater for agricultural and domestic purposes. For conser-vation of freshwater resources, the identification and management of groundwater quality is essential. In-creased exploitation of groundwater andrapid urban-ization is causing deterioration of groundwater qual-ity. This study focused on the groundwater quality of District Multan, Pakistan by selecting eighty-three sites and sampling of sixteen groundwater quality parameters including pH, temperature, color, dis-solved oxygen (DO),turbidity,electrical conductiv-ity (EC),total dissolved solids(TDS),chlorides, cal-cium(Ca), magnesium (Mg), total alkalinity(TA), copper(Cu),iron(Fe),nickel (Ni),lead(Pb)and co-balt(Co). Presence levels of all these parameters were incorporated in geographic-information-sys-tem(GIS) and their spatial distribution was mapped through interpolations using inverse-distance-weighting (IDW)technique. The results indicated that DO was 1000 mg/L)was found in northeast and southeast. The EC was high(1500 to 3000 uS/cm) in northeast and south-east. The observed level of iron was high(0.3 to 2.63 mg/L) in southeast and north side. Fifty-four loca-tions had higher Pb concentrations(0.01 to 0.268 mg/L) and concentrations of Co(0.1 to 0.19mg/L)in drinking water source. Some of the parameters show very high level at few sampling sites which may not represent the entirely specified region.