Long-term benefits of interferon-alpha therapy in children with HBeAg-positive immune-active chronic hepatitis B

摘要

The long-term benefits of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) treatment in children with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remain unclear. We conducted a retrospective and real-world study to evaluate the safety and long-term clearance rates of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in CHB children who received IFN-alpha monotherapy for 72 weeks and were with 13-year follow-up visit. Participants treated with IFN-alpha (n = 316) were more likely to become HBeAg negatve (39.87% vs. 27.37%; p = 80 IU/L at baseline were likely to have higher cumulative HBsAg loss rates. Accordingly, HBeAg loss at 72 weeks was positively associated with the cumulative HBsAg loss rate in untreated children. There were no serious adverse events of IFN-alpha therapy for the treated patients throughout the study period. Overall, IFN-alpha therapy was effective in obtaining higher long-term cumulative rates of HBeAg and HBsAg loss in children with HBeAg-positive immune-active CHB, especially among those aged 1-7 years.