The influence of an additional relaxation channel of up-conversion type on the second threshold of a laser with a dense homogeneously broadened active medium is investigated in terms of a two-level model. Local-field effects caused by near dipole-dipole interactions are taken into account in this case. It is shown that the bad-cavity condition is not obligatory for chaotic behavior to appear in a laser system and that the second laser threshold can be substantially reduced by the up-conversion process. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America.
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