Radiological assessment of the failing renal transplant

摘要

The causes of deteriorating function in the renal graft have traditionally been ascribed to surgical or medical complications. Surgical complications are suitable for definitive radiological diagnosis and many are treated by interventional radiological techniques. There is no satisfactory non-invasive method for identifying the medical causes of transplant dysfunction, and clinical features together with renal biopsy remain the mainstay of diagnosis.