Thermal electromotive force from the contact for precision measurement

摘要

Thermal electromotive force caused from a copper contact of HP34420A DC digital nano-voltmeter was tested. It became clear that the thermal electromotive force caused from clean surface copper contact showed smallest value among the data of oxidized surface contact and also evaporated deposition gold film on copper contact. The measured temperature range was 25 ℃ to 80 ℃.