Evaluation of Carbon Emission Reduction via GCIP Projects: Creating a Better Future for Pakistan

摘要

The present study focused on the evaluation of carbon emission reduction level by replacing Global Cleantech Innovation Program (GCIP) projects with conventional practices and to assess the difference between these zero or less emission technologies and conventional practices. The study included six GCIP projects that are DC solar water pump, bitsym watersense device, jal-bujh device, BOLT bike, biomass cooking stove, and dry bio-waste gasifier. A simplified version of an Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) method for estimating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from fuel consumption was used. Research was conducted in three stages-data collection through questionnaires and interviews, environmental analysis by calculating carbon footprints of Business as usual (BAU) and emission reduction by replacing BAU with GCIP projects, and economic analysis by estimating Payback period in case of technology adoption and replacement. Results indicated that all projects have capacity to cut down carbon emissions, among which solar pump can contribute (0.32%) in carbon emission reduction followed by bitsym watersense device (7%), jal-bujh device (61.8%), BOLT bike (0.48%), biomass stove (7.2%), and agriculture dry biomass gasifier (23.2%), making gross annual CO2 reduction of 176.76tCO(2)e/annum. Pakistan should accelerate the efforts of replacing renewable technologies with conventional ones under the umbrella of this opportunity for the local and regional benefit by reducing CO2 emissions.