The phytotoxic potential of Achillea santolina L. (Asteraceae) on Vicia faba L. and Hordeum vulgare L.

摘要

In order to evaluate the phytotoxic potential of Achillea santolina L. (Asteraceae), the effect of its aqueous shoot extracts on seed germination and seedling growth of two economically important crop plants, Vicia faba L. (broad bean) and Hordeum vulgare L.(barley), were studied. Higher concentrations of A. santolina extract exhibited inhibitory effect on plumule and radicle lengths with a maximum inhibition at 16%. The growth of radicle was enhanced in broad bean and barley treated with 1 and 2% concentrations of A. santolina extract, respectively. Leaf area was significantly reduced in both crops although percent reduction was greater in broad bean than in barley. There was a highly significant decrease in soluble protein contents in broad bean plants and a significant increase in barley plants treated with A. santolina. The number of de novo synthesized proteins in barley plants were more than those induced in broad bean plants. Also, the genome template stability of barley was less affected with treatments of A. santolina extracts than in broad bean. From these results, it was concluded that H. vulgare is more tolerant than V. faba. In order to evaluate the allelopathic potential against the two tested species, a residue bioassay experiment was conducted. The residues of A. santolina inhibited the growth of the two tested species. The results demonstrated that A. santolina should be evaluated as an allelopathic species and may be a source of either biological herbicides or templates for new herbicides classes.