Canine mammary tumors.

摘要

Mammary gland tumors grow slowly mostly in aged dogs and can cause ulcerating masses if not treated. There is lower incidence in neutered females and tumors metastasize in a similar pattern to women’s regional lymph nodes and lungs. Tumors can be malignant or benign arising from epithelial, glandular, mesenchymal or connective tissue. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and cryosurgery are classical modalities for mammary tumor therapy. Average age for development is 10.5 years ranging 1-15 years. Due to short-life span, rapid progression and large number of foci, dogs are used to study tumors in women. Mammary gland tumors are the commonest type of neoplasms observed in intact female dogs. Advancing age has a positive correlation with the development of these tumors. Posterior mammary glands are mostly affected. Spayed bitches have a lower incidence of mammary tumors than intact ones. Surgical resection along with adjuvant chemotherapy is considered to be efficacious treatment in the treatment of these tumors. Author discusses epidemiology, incidence, etiology, diagnosis, prognosis, hematology and treatments for these neoplasms in dogs.