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Measuring earthquakes from optical satellite images

机译:从光学卫星图像测量地震

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Systeme pour l'Observation de la Terre images are used to map ground displacements induced by earthquakes. Deformations (offsets) induced by stereoscopic effect and roll, pitch, and yaw of satellite and detector artifacts are estimated and compensated. Images are then resampled in a cartographic projection with a low-bias interpolator. A subpixel correlator in the Fourier domain provides two-dimensional offset maps with independent measurements approximately every 160 m. Biases on offsets are compensated from calibration. High-frequency noise (0.125 m~(-1)) is ~0.01 pixels. Low-frequency noise (lower than 0.001 m~(-1)) exceeds 0.2 pixels and is partially compensated from modeling. Applied to the Landers earthquake, measurements show the fault with an accuracy of a few tens of meters and yields displacement on the fault with an accuracy of better than 20 cm. Comparison with a model derived from geodetic data shows that offsets bring new insights into the faulting process.
机译:观测系统影像用于绘制地震引起的地面位移。估计并补偿了由立体效果以及卫星和探测器伪影的侧倾,俯仰和偏航引起的变形(偏移)。然后使用低偏插值器在制图投影中对图像进行重新采样。傅立叶域中的子像素相关器提供二维偏移图,大约每160 m具有独立的测量值。偏移的偏差可通过校准进行补偿。高频噪声(0.125 m〜(-1))为〜0.01像素。低频噪声(小于0.001 m〜(-1))超过0.2像素,并通过建模得到部分补偿。应用于Landers地震,测量结果显示断层的精度为几十米,并在断层上产生位移,精度超过20 cm。与从大地测量数据得出的模型的比较表明,偏移量为断层过程带来了新的见解。

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