Pancytopenia and myeloid maturation arrest in an autologous stem cell transplant recipient.

摘要

Myeloid maturation arrest is a typical feature of myelo-dysplastic syndrome. The occurrence of such a finding in patients who earlier received anthracycline-based chemotherapy usually prompts the suspicion of therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome. Here, we report a case of relapsed aggressive lymphoma that, after successful autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), had progressive pancytopenia and myeloid maturation arrest in the BM. The final diagnosis turned out to be extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB), and empirical anti-TB treatment resulted in the resolution of pancytopenia and the restoration of myeloid maturation. We review the literature and briefly discuss on the evaluation and management of patients with such unique features.