The Journey of Water Remediation through Biomimetic Strategies: A Mechanistic Insight

摘要

Nature-driven designs for water crisis have shown much interest in energy-efficient water treatment. This review discusses four different bioinspired systems, aquaporin membranes, mussel-inspired amine-based membranes, supramolecular architectures, and cactus/mangrove desalination. The authors have also delineated their contributions and mechanisms toward forming water pathways for effective desalination. The discussion is mainly channelized toward constructing generic approaches based on membranes with diverse shapes and dimensions, including hierarchically structured membranes. The separation properties of these bioinspired systems stem from their chemical and physical structures imparting selectivity in the separation of ions, pollutants, etc. Further, this review covers the practical methodologies for next-generation energy-efficient membranes and outlines the perspectives regarding the upcoming developments in water technology.