Phosphine-Free, Efficient Double Carbonylation of Aryl Iodides with Amines Catalyzed by Water-Insoluble and Water-Soluble N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Amine Palladium Complexes

摘要

The water-insoluble and water-soluble N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-amine palladium complexes, Ipr-Pd(deba)Cl and SO3-Ipr-Pd(deba)Cl, were synthesized. Both catalysts exhibit excellent activity in the phosphine-free double carbonylation of aryl iodides with amines to produce α-keto amides. Moreover, as the water-soluble catalyst exhibits significant compatibility in the aqueous phase with the activities of different Pd-NHC complexes, we con- clude that the intramolecular amine ligand strongly affects the selectivity of the products in double carbonylation reaction and serves as an alternative of phosphine ligands.