Antifouling paint booster biocide contamination in coastal and off-shore waters around England and Wales

摘要

Antif ouling paints contain toxic biocides to prevent marine life from colonising the bottoms of boats. These biocides ate constantly released from the painted surface into the surrounding waters. Prior to a ban on vessels <25 m in 1989, tributyl tin(TBT) was widely used as a biocide on all vessels, Since this ban, organic booster biocides have been developed to improve the efficacy of both copper and TBT based formulations. Along with TBT, eight organic booster biocides are currently approved for use in the UK; Irgarol 1051, diuron, zinc pyrithione (ZPT), dichlofluanid, thiocyanomethylthio benzothiazole (TCMTB), tetrachloromemylsulfonul (TCMS) pyridine, Kathon 5287 and zineb (Chadwick, pers comm.). The data reported here represent the findings ofa temporal survey of Southampton Water, the Crouch Estuary and Plymouth Sound during the 1998 yachting season, and a spatial survey of off-shore stations during an RV CIROLANA cruise in 1998.