CARBON DIOXIDE ZERO-EMISSION HYDROGEN CARRIER SYSTEM FOR FUEL CELL VEHICLE

摘要

Fuel cell (FC) offers the possibility of expanding new vehicle market.One of the key technologies that will make the widespread use of FCs possible is efficient and safety hydrogen supply system.The possibility of a hydrogen carrier system for FC vehicles,which utilized chemical reactants and capable to supply hydrogen safety with no carbon dioxide emission,was discussed in this study.The system uses a portable thermally regenerative fuel reformer of carbon dioxide fixation type.The reactivity of metal oxide to carbon dioxide was used for the carbon dioxide fixation,hydrogen purification and also for heat source of fuel reforming.In the experimental study,calcium oxide was used as the first candidate for carbon dioxide fixation and methane was chosen as a candidate reactant for steam reforming.Fuel reforming,carbon dioxide fixation and pure-hydrogen production were examined by a laboratory scale packed-bed reactor.High-purity hydrogen production under mild operation conditions was demonstrated.The fixed carbon dioxide can be decarbonated thermally by consuming high-temperature heat source.Nuclear power,unstable energy sources such as renewable energy,surplus industrial process heat and so forth are applicable on the system.The contribution of nuclear power and other thermal energy sources on the zero-emission hydrogen career system was evaluated based on the experimental results.The reactor size was more compact than conventional hydrogen career systems.Because the reforming system supplies hydrogen safety on-board to a vehicle FC and the reformer is thermally regenerative,the proposed system was expected to develop new hydrogen market for FC vehicle.