Amino acid composition of edible parts of three-year-old experimental scaly crossbreds of common carp (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus 1758).

摘要

The aim of this study was to compare the amino acid (AA) composition of edible parts of three experimental groups of carp, i.e. a pure line of Prerov scaly carp (PS), a hybrid line of Prerov scaly carp and Northern mirror carp (PS x M72), and a hybrid line of Prerov scaly carp and Ropsha scaly carp (PS x ROP), with the quality of the edible parts of control hybrids of Hungarian and Northern mirror carp (M2 x M72) in harvest size (K3). A comparison between the controls (M2 x M72) and experimental carp (PS, PS x M72, PS x ROP) showed that their muscle tissues contained the same amounts of 10 AA [essential amino acids (EAA): Thr, Val, Leu, Phe, Lys, His; non-essential amino acids (NEAA): Asp, Gly, Ala, Tyr] of the 16 AA determined. Glu, Asp, Lys and Leu were the AA with the highest muscle concentrations. The total EAAsum and NEAAsum contents in the fastest-growing PS x ROP hybrid, in spite of specific differences found (P<0.05: Arg, Met; P<0.01: Pro), were practically identical to those found in the control group of M2 x M72 mirror carp. PS x ROP hybrid female and male muscle tissues differed (P<0.05) only in Met and Ala levels. Hard roes of experimental female carp (PS, PS x M72, PS x ROP) contained the largest quantities of Glu and Val, and that of control female carp (M2 x M72) the largest quantities of Glu and Gly. Hard roes of PS x ROP hybrids contained the largest quantities (P<0.01) of EAAsum (52.44+or-0.19%). Compared with hard roes, soft roes from all groups of carp contained more EAAsum (PS x ROP: 55.03+or-0.26%). The two most abundant AA in soft roes were Lys and Arg. The most abundant AA in the hepatopancreas in all carp groups were Glu, Asp, Leu and Arg. Hepatopancreas EAAsum levels in experimental carp (PS, PS x M72, PS x ROP) were significantly (P<0.05) lower than those in controls (M2 x M72)..