Shrimp--production results of a zero exchange, biosecure, intensive farm in Panama

摘要

Various diseases - particularly Taura Syndrome Virus (TSV), Yellow Head Virus (YHV) and White Spot Virus (WSSV) - have significantly affected commercial shrimp farming in the 1990s, and have had a major effect on their operation and management. Thesediseases have caused major losses to the entire industry, with wide-reaching impacts on the world shrimp market. As a result, farm operations and production strategies in both Asia and the Americas have been modified to prevent -- or at least minimize -- the risk or impact of disease. The particular health management strategy used by different farms depends on the characteristics and expectations of the farm and the diseases of major concern. Several approaches have been suggested and implemented so far, with varying degrees of success (Fegan and Clifford, in press).