A STUDY OF THE PERCEPTION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TRANSPARENCY REPORTING BY THE UPSTREAM SECTOR IN SOUTH AMERICA, THE MIDDLE EAST, AND THE UNITED STATES

摘要

This study compared the views of the effectiveness of transparency reporting using subjects from the Middle East, the U.S., and South America. The results revealed that subjects from the Middle East have a more positive view of the effectiveness of transparency reporting than do subjects from the other two regions. This could be due to the difference in Middle Eastern culture that values the well-being of those outside the immediate family more than do the cultures of the other regions used in the study. Transparency reporting has not been required in the U.S. in the past, but that reporting will be required very soon; based on a partial year for 2018 and full years beginning in 2019. It will take a number of years after the U.S. transparency reporting requirement takes effect before it can be determined if the joining of U.S.-based companies in the transparency reporting arena has a positive influence on how governments use the resources they receive from the production of oil and gas within their borders.