QUANTIFICATION OF TOTAL SOLUBLE SOLIDS AND TITRATABLE ACIDITY FOR CITRUS MATURITY USING PORTABLE VIS-NIR SPECTRORADIOMETER

摘要

Soluble solids contents (SSC) and titratable acidity (TA) are the two major components in the citrus industry that have a direct impact on the crop value and the juice quality. It is crucial for growers to know the stage of maturity infield before harvesting and to know the fruit quality for the juice processing in the processing plant. This study presents an application of a commercially available visible-near infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroradiometer for estimating SSC and TA of Hamlin and Valencia orange, and Thompson Red grapefruit. The Vis-NIR spectra of the juice were acquired using a portable spectroradiometer within the wavelength range of 350 to 2,500 nm in transmission mode. The absorbance spectra were compared to the values of SSC and TA as analyzed using a bench top refractrometer and chemical titration, respectively. Calibration models relating the Vis-NIR spectra of the juice to its SSC and TA were developed based on two different regression analyses: principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares regression (PLS-R). Selected combinations of spectral preprocessing such as derivatives, mean centering, multiplicative signal correction, standard normal variate, and detrending were applied to evaluate the performance of the calibration models. Performance of five different models in predicting the SSC and TA using the Vis-NIR ranges were compared. The best R 2 and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) for SSC were 0.91 and 0.47°Brix developed by Valencia orange absorbance spectra (Model 5), respectively. Meanwhile, the combination of Hamlin and Valencia absorbance spectra (Model 2) predicted the maximum TA with an R 2 of 0.73 and an RMSEP of 0.25%. The results concluded that portable Vis-NIR spectroradiometerbased technique can provide basic information on the levels of SSC and TA in-field as a preliminary analysis before harvesting.