Facial Nerve Preservation for Supraorbital Approaches: Anatomical Mapping Based on Consistent Landmarks

摘要

BACKGROUND: The supraorbital keyhole approach (SOKA) provides a safe and advantageous access to the anterior cranial fossa. The implemented skin incision varies depending on surgeon's preferences and requirements. Facial nerve (FN) injury might appear in up to 5.6% of patients. There is a lack of validated tenets for avoiding FN injury.