Production of new strawberry strains via anther culture 1-callus production, shoot formation and transplants production

摘要

Laboratory and field studies were carried out from 1998 to 2002 to establish an efficient protocol for generating somaclonal variations in strawberry via anther culture and selecting the promising ones for the strawberry breeding programmes in Egypt. The closed flower buds of strawberry cultivars Capitola, Chandler and Camarosa at the uninucleate stage directly following meiosis were used. Gresshofe and Doy (GD) and Damiano (D) media were tested for callus production, while Linsmaier and Skoog (LS)& Murashige and Skoog (MS) media were tested for callus differentiation. Callus was regenerated into shoots, which were transferred into a rooting medium. Plantlets were then acclimatized in a greenhouse. The transplants were planted in a nursery whererunner formation, transplants production and quality were recorded. According to the yield performance (in the second paper), 10 strains from Camarosa, a strain from each of Capitola and Chandler were subjected to a nursery trial. The results indicated that GD medium produced the highest callus weight. Camarosa planted on LS medium gave the highest percentage of callus regenerating shoots, while Capitola gave the lowest values on the two media. Capitola and Chandler strains gave the highest number of main runners per plant after 90 days while five Camarosa strains had lower values than their original cultivars. Capitola and Chandler strains gave higher number of transplants per plant than their original plants. Camarosa strain No.2 produced higher number of transplants per plant than the original parent. Camarosa strain no.5 was thicker in crown diameter than the original plants. Camarosa strains C1 and C2 had higher leaf fresh and dry weights while Chandler strain gave lower values than its originalcultivar. Capitola strain recorded the highest fresh and dry weights of roots.