Engineering geophysics in downstream projects

摘要

DIFFICULT MARKET CONDITIONS make it seem nevitable that some proposed African downstream oil and gas projects will go no further until prices rise. For the projects that do proceed, however, there will be increased pressure to get things right, to avoid unpleasant surprises and to deliver on time and to budget. Building a reliable ground model and a good understanding of geohazards is fundamental to safe and cost-effective construction and long term operation of a facility.