Plant Cell Wall Functional Genomics: Novelties from Proteomics

摘要

Proteomics has become an important contributor to the knowledge of plant cell wall structure and function by allowing the identification of proteins present in cell walls. This chapter will give an overview on recent development in the cell wall proteomic field. Results from proteomics show some discrepancies when compared to results from transcriptomics obtained on the same organ. It suggests that post-transcriptional regulatory steps involve an important proportion of genes encoding cell wall proteins (CWPs). Proteomics thus complements transcriptomic. The cell wall proteome of Arabidopsis thaliana is the most completely described at the moment with about one third of expected CWPs identified. CWPs were grouped in functional classes according to the presence of predicted functional domains to allow a better understanding of main functions in cell walls. The second best-described cell wall proteome is that of Oryza sativa. Same functional classes were found, with different compositions reflecting the differences in polysaccharide structure between dicot and monocot cell walls. All these proteomic data were collected in a new publicly accessible database called WallProtDB (http://www.polebio.scsv.ups-tlse.fr/WallProtDB/). In conclusion, some perspectives in plant cell wall proteomics are discussed.