2. REFERENCE ANIMALS AND PLANTS 2.1. Introducing the concept

摘要

(15) The concept of a reference human to help manage the many different situations in which human beings would or could be exposed to ionising radiations has long been used and recognised by the Commission, which began the work to define the first reference individual ('Standard Man') in the 1940s, and published its first comprehensive report on Reference Man in 1975 (ICRP, 1975). The purpose of Reference Man was to create points of reference (or 'benchmarks') for the procedure of dose estimations, for considering the relationships between doses to different parts of the human body and their effects, and for the derivation of relevant quantities and units for their interpretation in the context of human radiological protection. The Commission has produced a report that provides updated numerical information on Reference Man (ICRP, 2003a) and, as noted above, the concept has since been developed into one of reference individuals and a Reference Person (ICRP, 2007).