Prevention and Treatment of Spider Bites

摘要

In the United States, only two genera of spiders are venomous enough to be considered medically relevant. These are the widow spiders {Latrodectus) and the recluse spiders (Loxosceles). While these venomous exposures are rarely fatai, bites can often lead to extremely painful muscle spasms or even skin necrosis. Nonpharmacologic and pharmacoiogic treatment options are available, including an antivenin for widow bites and opioids and benzodiazepines for symptom relief. Pharmacist involvement includes giving advice about prevention and treatment and providing appropriate patient counseling on prescribed or administered medications.