Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Childhood and Adolescence

摘要

The pediatric obesity pandemic of the past few decades has been accompanied by an increase in the incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) in childhood, with a disproportionate disease burden in children of minority ethnic groups and low socioeconomic status (SES). (1) Childhood-onset T2D is associated with greater risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications than childhoodonset type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). (2) Thus, it is incumbent on pediatricians to diagnose children early in the disease course and refer for multidisciplinary intervention and intensive management. This review highlights the latest understanding and insights into this growing epidemic. Specific action points for the primary care pediatrician are highlighted in the text.