The design and 3D simulation of a new high-speed half adder based on graphene resonators

摘要

In the field of optical technologies, modern optical scenarios such as integrated multi-operand optical gates are considered as very useful and effective substrates. In this paper, a new and unique design and three-dimensional simulation of a graphene-based integrated half adder by the use of ring resonators and central waveguides have been presented. The proposed structure includes two separate AND and XOR gates, and the presence of graphene in this design allows to tune the wavelength and to turn on or off the structure at the desired wavelength without changing the design parameters and only by changing the Fermi voltage of graphene. The half adder logic is controlled based on the output power of the CARRY and SUM ports at a central wavelength of 1550 nm. Additionally, the extinction ratio obtained for each of the CARRY and SUM ports has been equal to 21.76 dB and 18.73 dB, respectively. The average quality factor of the output of resonators for XOR and AND gates has been 873.75 and 1116.96, respectively. In the proposed structure, single-layer graphene was used because the graphene plasmonic effect was considered. The Extinction ratio in our work is better than the other works. Finitedifference-time-domain (FDTD) and coupled mode theory (CMT) have been the two methods used to extract and analyze the results of the output spectrum of the proposed structure, and the results of the output spectrum have been exactly the same in the two methods.