Surface modified carbon black for modern low rolling resistance tires: Compounding strategy and process optimization

摘要

The reduction of greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions is required by the Paris Agreement on climate change.According to the fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC)(ref.1),the transport sector has the fourth largest impact on global warming based on the GWP20 metric,and the third largest based on the GWP100 metric.(GWP abbreviates global warming potential,which is also known as CO2-equivalent,and measures how much heat a GHG creates in a certain time span relative to carbon dioxide.Twenty years and 100 years are frequently applied time spans.)Obviously,the reduction of CO2 emissions caused by transportation of goods and passengers is a valuable approach to meet the Paris Agreement.Among other measures like higher efficiency of engines,lower vehicle weight and better aerodynamics,there is a demand to lower the rolling resistance of tires.This can be achieved by improved tire design in terms of tire construction,adjusted textile reinforcement,and by the development of durable elastomeric compounds having lowered hysteresis.Commonly applied indicators for lower energy losses in the rubber.compound are,e.g.,low tan 8(ref.2),low heat build-up(ref.3),low Payne effect(refs.4 and 5)and high rebound(ref.6).Test parameters like temperature,dynamic strains,frequencies and others have to be chosen carefully in order to predict effects on the rolling resistance of the tire.