Effects of a low allergenic soybean variety on gut permeability, microbiota composition, ileal digestibility of amino acids, and growth performance in pigs

摘要

Soybeans are the 'gold standard' protein source in pig diets, with lower inclusion levels in weaned pig diets due to transient gut hypersensitivity. The objective was to determine the impact of weaned pig diets containing a Triple Null (TN) soybean (low trypsin inhibitors, lectins, and P34 protein) in both meal (TNSBM), and full fat ground (TNGR) forms on intestinal permeability and gut microbial composition, ileal digestibility of protein and amino acids, and growth performance, in comparison to conventional soybean meal (CONSBM) and animal proteins (ANIM). In Exp. 1, 60 weaned barrows (6.65 +/- 0.3 kg, n=12/diet) were randomly assigned to one of five experimental diets containing one of five test proteins (CONSBM, CONGR, TNSBM, TNGR, and ANIM). Gut permeability measurements were collected over 4d (1 pig/diet per d), beginning at d 11. No differences were detected in ileal or jejunal permeability among dietary treatments. In Exp. 2, 10 ileal-cannulated barrows (17.63 +/- 1.18 kg BW) were used in a cross-over design to determine standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of four test ingredients [fishmeal (FM), CONSBM, TNSBM, TNGR]. Each pig received 3 of the 5 diets (1 diet/coll for a total of n = 6 per diet. The SID of crude protein and amino acids was greater (P < 0.05) in FM than soy products. There were minor differences in ileal digestibility between soy products where SID of Lys, Met, and His were greater (P < 0.05) in TNSBM than CONSBM. Growth performance (Exp. 3) was determined in 112 weaned pigs (7.30 +/- 0.43 kg BW; 2 barrows and 2 gilts per pen) assigned to one of four dietary treatments in 2 phases (Ph1 = 5d, Ph2 = 13d). The control diet contained FM (7.25%, Ph1; 6%, Ph2); TNSBM, TNGR, and CONSBM replaced FM to supply equivalent dietary crude protein (CP). Pigs received a common Ph3 diet (18d). Overall daily gain was greater (P < 0.01) in TNGR-fed pigs compared to TNSBM, but not different from FM- or SBM-fed pigs. Overall daily intake tended to be greater (P < 0.10) in SBM-fed pigs compared to FM and TNSBM but was not different from TNGR. There was a tendency for greater (P < 0.10) overall G:F in TNGR- versus TNSBM-fed pigs. Low allergenic ground soybeans may be a suitable alternative protein source in weaned pig diets due to similar impact on intestinal permeability and growth performance compared to FM.