Propagation of Pear Trees of the cv. 'Uta' From Green Cuttings and Performance in the Field Compared to Own Rooted From in Vitro Propagation and Grafted Trees Under Organic Production Conditions in Eastern Austria

摘要

From 2004 to 2006 propagation trials of green cuttings of the pear Cultivar 'Uta' were done at the University of Ljubljana. In the three-year summer trials between 6.1 and 23.8% of green cuttings were rooting. In autumn 2007 the obtained trees from the long cuttings were planted in the research center of the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences in Vienna and compared with own rooted trees from in vitro propagation and with grafted trees on rootstock Kirchensaller Mostbirne (Seedling) and Fox 11. The training system was spindle, and the trees were treated according to organic production rules. The own rooted trees came later into bearing compared to the grafted ones. After eleven years, the trees on seedling showed the highest vigor and yield, followed by Fox 11 and the own rooted trees from in vitro propagation. The own rooted long cuttings grew clearly weaker. There were no differences in the specific yield, which was between 1.1 und 1.2 kg per m(2). The own rooted trees showed larger fruits than the grafted ones. Especially Fox 11 had smaller fruits. For the own rooted ones it is important to use strong trees for plant material and to plant in autumn to avoid plant losses in the first years.